“saying about 2000 died”
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-45423575
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/science/when-radiation-isnt-the-real-risk.html?_r=0
Robin Harding. "Fukushima nuclear disaster: did the evacuation raise the death toll?".
https://www.ft.com/content/000f864e-22ba-11e8-add1-0e8958b189ea
Financial Times, March 10, 2018. “There were 2,202 disaster-related deaths in Fukushima, according to the government’s Reconstruction Agency, from evacuation stress, interruption to medical care and suicide… 1,984 were people over the age of 65.”
“you can definitely die of fear”
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scared-to-death-heart-attack/
Ballantyne, Can a person be scared to death? Scientific American, January 30, 2009 “The autonomic nervous system uses the hormone adrenaline… to activate the fight-or-flight response. This chemical is toxic in large amounts; it damages the visceral (internal) organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys. It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.”
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109704012458
Steinberg, Increased incidence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in implantable defibrillator patients after the World Trade Center attack, JACC, Sept 15, 2004. “Ventricular arrhythmias increased by more than twofold among ICD patients following the WTC attack.” https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.CIR.0000153813.64165.5D
Albert, Phobic Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death Among Women, AHA
Journals, February 1, 2005. "High levels of phobic anxiety have been associated with elevated risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and sudden cardiac death (SCD) among men."
https://abcnews.go.com/Health/die-fright/story?id=17554297
“Women, particularly older women, are far more susceptible to dying of fright...”
“In 2014 the truth came out.”
Lusitania divers warned of danger from war munitions in 1982, papers reveal. Foreign Office warning that operation 'could literally blow up on us' reopens debate over German rationale for sinking liner, The Guardian, 1 May 2014
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/01/lusitania-salvage-warning-munitions-1982
"Newly released secret Whitehall files disclose that a Ministry of Defence warning that "something startling" was going to be found during the August 1982 salvage operation raised such serious concerns that previously undeclared war munitions and explosives might be found that divers involved were officially warned in the strongest terms of the possible "danger to life and limb" they faced."
Chapter 7
“your IQ will go up seven”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101523/
Hille, Associations between music education, intelligence, and spelling ability in elementary school “In an experimental design… 6-year-olds after keyboard or singing lessons for 36 weeks. The music group (+ 7.0 points) showed a larger increase than the control group”
“might actually be beneficial”
https://news.berkeley.edu/2014/10/28/arsenic-drinking-water-breast-cancer/
“study by researchers from UC Berkeley and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has linked arsenic to a 50 percent drop in breast cancer deaths.”
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/reveh-2016-0068/html
“Exposure to arsenic may increase the risk of breast cancer. The strength of this relation can vary due to regional and individual differences.”
“working on it already”
https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/article/42/4/717/5901977
Quast, Troy et al, Years of life lost associated with COVID-19 deaths in the United States, Journal of Public Health, December 2020. “even if correctly measured, the number of deaths is an imperfect measure of mortality as it does not provide insight into the age distribution of deaths or how risk levels vary by age”
https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-137
Rubo, Years of life lost estimates…, June, 2020. “YLL estimates (13 years for men and 11 years for women) are interpreted in a misleading way… these estimates cannot be interpreted to imply “how long someone who died from COVID-19 might otherwise have been expected to live”.
https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75/v1
Hanlon, COVID-19 – exploring the implications of long-term condition type and extent of multimorbidity on years of life lost, Wellcome Open Research. Apr., 2021. “The extent of multimorbidity heavily influences the estimated YLL at a given age. More comprehensive and standardised collection of data… is needed…”
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83040-3
Pifarré i Arolas, Years of life lost to COVID-19 in 81 countries. Scientific Reports Feb., 2021. “Understanding the mortality impact of COVID-19 requires not only counting the dead, but analyzing how premature the deaths are.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345973/
Mitra, Potential Years of Life Lost Due to COVID-19 in the United States, Italy, and Germany: An Old Formula with Newer Ideas, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, June 18, 2020. “there is a critical need to revisit the formula for calculating potential years of life lost (PYLL)… in the US… more than 80% were 65 years or older, and only 2.5% were younger than age 45.”
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.18.20214783v1
Elledge, 2.5 Million Person-Years of Life Have Been Lost Due to COVID-19 in the United States, Medrxvi, Oct. 20, 2020. “over 13.25 years per person with differences noted between males and females.”
“lockdowns were the best idea”
“One nationwide study found that tests for breast, cervical and colon cancer were down over 86%...Screening rebounded in June but remained about one-third lower than before…”
WHO, COVID-19 significantly impacts health services for noncommunicable diseases, June, 1, 2020. “Prevention and treatment services for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have been severely disrupted since the COVID-19 pandemic began”
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(20)30388-0/fulltext
Maringe, The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer deaths due to delays in diagnosis... The Lancet Oncology, July 20,2020. "in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer screening has been suspended, routine diagnostic work deferred, and only urgent symptomatic cases prioritised for diagnostic intervention."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7436906/
Printz, Cancer screenings decline significantly during pandemic, Aug 10, 2020. “an abrupt drop between 86% and 94% in preventive cancer screenings performed nationwide”
https://www.esmoopen.com/article/S2059-7029(21)00009-0/fulltext
Toss, Two-month stop in mammographic screening significantly impacts on breast cancer stage at diagnosis and upfront treatment in the COVID era, ESMO Congress 2021, Feb. 11, 2021. “Our data showed an increase in node-positive and stage III BC after a 2-month stop in BC screening.”
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0969141320974711
Yong, The impact of episodic screening interruption: COVID-19 and population-based cancer screening... Sage Journal, Nov. 26, 2020. “Interruptions in cancer screening will lead to additional cancer deaths, additional advanced cancers diagnosed”
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/healthy-habits-can-lengthen-life
“At age 50, women who didn’t adopt any of the five healthy habits were estimated to live on average until they were 79 years old and men until they were 75.5 years. In contrast, women who adopted all five healthy lifestyle habits lived 93.1 years and men lived 87.6 years.”
“lost one year. If that”
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2768777
Jeffery, Trends in Emergency Department Visits and Hospital Admissions in Health Care Systems in 5 States in the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US, JAMA Intern Med., Aug. 3, 2020
“decreases in emergency department visits ranged from 41.5% in Colorado to 63.5% in New York”
“wondered if it was a stroke?”
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/2010/022.pdf
“for another 11 years”
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db67.htm
“From 1972 through 2007 autopsy rates declined for deaths from disease conditions from 16.9 percent to 4.3 percent”
“checked out by an autopsy”
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19225772-100-death-of-the-autopsy/
“higher than the summer low”
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/189012
Neuzil, Influenza-Associated Morbidity and Mortality in Young and Middle-Aged Women, JAMA, Mar. 10, 1999. “Among women with no identified high-risk conditions, estimated annual excess hospitalizations and deaths were 4 and 6 per 10,000 women aged 15 to 44 and 45 to 64 years, respectively...”
https://time.com/5099042/influenza-deaths-flu/
The Flu Killed a Healthy 21-Year-Old Man…, Jan. 11, 2018. “For some people with pneumonia, ‘it will spread to their bloodstream and cause an overwhelming, multi-system infection.’”
“hundred deaths, or one in 10,000”
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/01/14/us/covid-19-death-toll.html
“know how many died from covid”
https://www.aamc.org/news-insights/how-are-covid-19-deaths-counted-it-s-complicated
Boyle, How are COVID-19 deaths counted? It’s complicated, AAMC, Feb 18, 2021. “Many people think of a death certificate as a precise final verdict. But often, the document reflects a judgment that weighs the roles of multiple conditions…”
https://www.pewresearch.org/2021/03/05/a-year-of-u-s-public-opinion-on-the-coronavirus-pandemic/
https://news.gallup.com/opinion/gallup/308126/roundup-gallup-covid-coverage.aspx
“hurt poor people way more than rich people”
“The COVID-19 pandemic is estimated to push an additional 88 million to 115 million people into extreme poverty this year, with the total rising to as many as 150 million by 2021… Extreme poverty, defined as living on less than $1.90 a day… Had the pandemic not convulsed the globe, the poverty rate was expected to drop to 7.9% in 2020.”
“Ask any woman who lives in a trailer park.” While it is true that many believe there is a higher homicide rate among people who live in trailer parks, this is not supported by research.
https://www.huduser.gov/portal/periodicals/cityscpe/vol12num2/ch7.pdf
“Official police data…no statistically significant difference in the rates of crime between blocks with mobile home communities, blocks adjacent to … and all other residential blocks.”
“Three years ago, 60 percent of people loved the lockdown.”
“A majority of Americans — 8 in 10 — say strict shelter-in-place guidelines are worth it, to keep people safe from COVID-19 and control the spread of the virus, according to a new Kaiser Family Foundation tracking poll.”
Chapter 8
“says traffic deaths would be way down”
https://www.iihs.org/api/datastoredocument/bibliography/2188
The effects of higher speed limits on traffic fatalities in the United States, 1993–2017, IIHS, April, 2019.
Farmer, “Results: A 5 mph increase in the maximum state speed limit was associated with an 8.5% increase in fatality rates on interstates/freeways….”
https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/historical-fatality-trends/deaths-by-age-group/
Chapter 9
“Che Guevara of Indigenous people”
https://www.lakotatimes.com/articles/crazy-horse-portrait/
“Drills and dynamite”
https://crazyhorsememorial.org/story/the-mountain/carving-crazy-horse-mountain
“a place for alternative medicine”
“Independents are more likely to use alternative therapies as often as conventional therapies (23% vs. 13% Republican)… meditation (24% vs. 13% Republicans), massage therapy (34% vs. 26% Republicans) and herbal medicines (41% vs. 33% Republicans).”
“Chapter 10
“worst of all, engineering”
Digital labour platforms and the future of work. Towards decent work in the online world, International Labour Organization, 2018 “Among degree holders, 57 per cent were specialized in science and technology (12 per cent in natural sciences and medicine, 23 per cent in engineering and 22 per cent in information technology)…”
“about 20 percent to over 70”
“Only one-in-five say they worked from home all or most of the time. Now, 71% of those workers are doing their job from home all or most of the time.”
“Baldwin compressed-air locomotives”
http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/airloco/airloco.htm#bald
Chapter 11
“it was one in a million”
https://covid19risktools.com:8443/riskcalculator
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150260/
T. Kanchan, et al, Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2016 : 477–487. “Bacterial and viral infections remain the most common causes of sudden death from infectious diseases. Infections by prions, rickettsiae, and mycoplasmas are usually not associated with sudden and unexpected deaths.”
Chapter 12
“bought his way into America”
https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/permanent-workers/eb-5-immigrant-investor-program
Official Website of the Department of Homeland Security, EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program
“imposed a reign of terror to maximize”
Robert F. Kennedy Jr., The Real Anthony Fauci: Bill Gates, Big Pharma, and the Global War on Democracy and Public Health, Skyhorse, Nov. 16 2021,
Chapter 13
“workers who died of covid”
https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fcases-updates%2Fcases-in-us.html#health-care-personnel
Jewett, More Than 2,900 Health Care Workers Died This Year — And the Government Barely Kept Track, KHN, Dec. 23, 2020.
“lowest all-cause mortality for OECD countries”
The Worst Covid Strategy Was Not Picking One, The lessons of the pandemic are clearer in a global comparison, Bloomberg Opinion, March 15, 2023.
“their excess mortality was worse than those of their Scandinavian neighbors but still significantly lower than the rest of Europe’s.”
Joe Nocera and Bethany McLean, COVID Lockdowns Were a Giant Experiment. It Was
a Failure. A key lesson of the pandemic. Intelligencer, Oct, 30, 2023.
“It showed that during the first two years of the pandemic — 2020 and 2021 — the U.S. had 19 percent more deaths than it normally saw in two years’ time. For the U.K., there was a 10 percent rise. And for Sweden — one of the few countries that had refused to lock down its society — it was just 4 percent."
“deaths per million rate than Sweden has”
“No-Lockdown Sweden Seemingly Tied for Lowest All-Causes Mortality in OECD Since COVID Arrived”
“was Marxist-Leninist. And some say he still is.”
Ethiopia accuses WHO chief Tedros of backing Tigray rebels, Reuters. November 19, 2020
https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN27Z13U/
"’He himself is a member of that group and he is a criminal,’ army chief of staff General Birhanu Jula said in a televised statement… supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant political party, which is fighting federal forces."
Chapter 15
“bring it all to an end”
“we don’t even talk about containment for seasonal flu – it’s just not possible. But it is possible for COVID-19. We don’t do contact tracing for seasonal flu – but countries should do it for COVID-19, because it will prevent infections and save lives. Containment is possible.”
Chapter 16
“said that’s a debtor’s prison”
https://www.justice.gov/criminal-ceos/citizens-guide-us-federal-law-child-support-enforcement
“If, under the same circumstances, the child support payment is overdue for longer than 2 years, or the amount exceeds $10,000, the violation is a criminal felony, and convicted offenders face fines and up to 2 years in prison (See 18 U.S.C.§ 228(a)(3)).”
“likely than cops to die on the job”
https://datausa.io/profile/soc/logging-workers#demographics
https://datausa.io/profile/soc/fishing-hunting-workers#demographics
https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/police-2018.htm
“Police officers were fatally injured at a rate of 13.7 per 100,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers in 2018”
https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/cfoi.pdf
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/surveillance/workforcedata-deaths.html
graph: Rates of fatal workplace injuries, 1992–2015, BL
“20 percent less pay than men”
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-earnings/2016/pdf/home.pdf
U.S. Bureau OF Labor Statistics, Highlights of women’s earnings in 2016, Aug. 2017. “Since 2004, the women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio has remained in the 80 to 83 percent range.”
“deaths are people under age 38”
https://www.science.gov/topicpages/o/occupational+fatalities+related
“The average age of the fatally injured worker was 38 years”
“up and bring it all to an end”
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#SexAndAge
“half who died were under 28”
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/key-messages.htm
“During the 1918 pandemic, the virus also affected young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. The average age of death was 28 years old.”
“odds are about one in a million”
https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/covid-pandemic-mortality-risk-estimator
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6913e2.htmhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2020/10/06/what-is-your-risk-of-dying-from-covid-19/?sh=78f8da8a6159
Ioannidis, Population-level COVID-19 mortality risk for non-elderly individuals overall and for non-elderly individuals without underlying diseases in pandemic epicenters, Sept., 2020. “The absolute risk of COVID-19 death for people ≥80 years old ranged from 0.6 (Florida) to 17.5 per thousand (Connecticut).”
“per year for the average person”
https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-mortality-risk
“It happened ten years ago”
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/02/why-italian-earthquake-scientists-were-exonerated
“Six scientists convicted of manslaughter in 2012 for advice they gave ahead of the deadly L'Aquila earthquake were victims of "uncertain and fallacious" reasoning.”
“be crazy enough to confess”
https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3165&context=lawreview
Willats, Death by Reckless Design: The Need for Stricter Criminal Statutes for Engineering-Related Homicides Catholic University Law Review, Winter 2009.
“Current involuntary manslaughter statutes create the opportunity for an engineering corporation to be assessed a minor fine… while allowing an engineer or officer to face prison time.”
“Post Covid Stress Disorder”
Tucker, Post-COVID Stress Disorder/ Another Emerging Consequence of the Global Pandemic, Psychiatric Times, Jan 8, 2021. “COVID-19 has already led to diverse mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and other trauma- and stress-related disorders.”
Chapter 18
“costs us 6.5 billion a year”
https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/effects/air_pollution.htm
“old guys are just way sneakier”
https://www.statista.com/statistics/251884/murder-offenders-in-the-us-by-age/
Chapter 20
“In ’20 Trump got 53 percent”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election
Chapter 21
“cause when Joe Biden bought a”
https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-dems-properties-idUSKBN20X2PW
https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/aug/2/al-gores-nashville-estate-expends-21-times-more-en/
https://www.jacksonville.com/article/20130602/NEWS/801251944
“carbon footprint calculators”
http://shrinkthatfootprint.com/how-big-is-a-house
“going vegan can reduce the carbon”
https://vegconomist.com/society/new-study-vegan-diet-reduces-carbon-footprint-by-73/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200211-why-the-vegan-diet-is-not-always-green
http://www.globalstewards.org/reduce-carbon-footprint.htm
“The decoupling of economic growth from carbon emissions: UK evidence
How the UK’s economy has developed over time and the efforts it has made to reduce its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Office of National Statistics, Oct. 21, 2019. “While UK carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions peaked in 1972, once we consider imported emissions – such as when the UK imports products that are manufactured abroad – UK emissions peaked in 2007.”
“Some Harvard people were going to test it out”
“Harvard researchers have ceased a long-running effort to conduct a small geoengineering experiment in the stratosphere, following repeated delays and public criticism.”
Chapter 22
“would only cut deaths in half”
Ferguson, Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) to Reduce COVID-19 Mortality and Healthcare Demand, Imperial College London, Mar. 16, 2020. “We find that that optimal mitigation policies (combining home isolation of suspect cases, home quarantine of those living in the same household as suspect cases, and social distancing of the elderly and others at most risk of severe disease) might reduce peak healthcare demand by 2/3 and deaths by half.”
“in 2020, death from all causes”
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm#dashboard
https://www.euromomo.eu/graphs-and-maps
“chance of dying on a regular flight”
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/planecrash/risky.html
http://www.inexactchange.org/blog/2013/03/11/cows-against-climate-change/
“one in 15 people who can’t fly”
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/24/health/psychology/24fear.html
“According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the percentage of Americans who have a fear of flying so intense that it qualifies as a phobia or anxiety disorder and keeps them off airplanes is closer to 6.5 percent.”
Chapter 23
“paralyzing, irrational fear of covid”
https://news.gallup.com/opinion/gallup/308126/roundup-gallup-covid-coverage.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474809/
“they were less likely to distance”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-00977-7
Chapter 24
“greenhouse emissions good boy”
“Although the U.S. reduction seems low percentage-wise, it translates to a total annual reduction of about 760 million metric tons since 2005, almost as much as the reduction in the European Union as a whole (770 million metric tons).”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00097-8
Chapter 25
“hard time holding down a job”
https://www.wired.com/2007/04/feat-drugtest/
“Each year, US scientists require a total of at least 10 million healthy test subjects… Depending on duration, rigor, and risk, medical studies can pay as much as $10,000 each.”
“person is often way too much”
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0301/p331.html
Pretorius, Reducing the Risk of Adverse Drug Events in Older Adults, Am Fam Physician. Mar., 2013. “The effects of medications in older adults are not often studied adequately, even though more than one-half of all prescription medications are dispensed to persons older than 60 years”
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03132-4
Ledford, Why do COVID death rates seem to be falling. Nature. Nov. 11, 2020
“in retrospect, clinicians might have been overzealous at times”
“stuck somebody on a ventilator”
“guess at the cause of death”
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2004/04/clearer-than-the-truth/302928/
Schwarz, Clearer Than the Truth; Duplicity in foreign affairs …., Apr 2004. “the Truman Administration followed Senator Arthur Vandenberg's advice to Dean Acheson...”